Composition roofing shingle



Sept. 19, 1939. F. woRsHAM COMPOSITION ROOFING SHINGLE F'il ed Sept. 29, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor /oyd l Vorsam and Attorneys pt; 19, 1939. F. WORSHAM COMPOSITION ROOFING SHINGLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 29, 1938 Inventor I f a fl m QM M I I a Attorneys Patented Sept. 19, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 8 Claims.

The present invention relates to composition roofing shingles of a type commonly known as asphalt shingles and has for its primary object to provide a shingle construction by means of which the roofing may be laid in four separate and distinct styles, the Dutch lap method, the hexagonal method, the side lap method and the individual method.

In conventional type of shingles the same are usually constructed in such a manner as to be capable of laying the shingles according to a single style and it is therefore necessary for the dealer to maintain separate stocks for each type of shingle desired. It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a single shingle structure which is capable of being laid in any of the four styles above referred to.

A further object of the invention is to provide a shingle in which one edge .is cut in a predetermined outline whereby certain portions will deflne guides to determine the extent of overlap of adjacent shingles.

A still further object is to provide an article of this character of simple and practical construction, relatively inexpensive to manufacture and in which the laying of the shingles is accomplished with greater facility.

Other objects and advantages reside in the details of construction as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the blank from which a pair of the shingles are cuts 7 Figure 2 is a plan view showing the shingles laid according to the side lap method.

Figure 3 is a similar view showing the shingles laid according to the hexagonal method.

Figure 4 is a similar view showing the shingles laid according to the individual method, and

Figure 5 is a similar view showing the shingles laid according to the Dutch lap method.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, and with particular reference to Figure l of the drawings, the numeral 5 designates a blank sheet of shingle material, preferably formed of asphalt or other suitable composition, the blank beingof substantially rectangular form and out along a transverse line 6 intermediate its side edges, said transverse cut terminating short of the edges of the blank, the opposite ends of the cut then extending diagonally in opposite directions, as shown at 'I- and 8, to provide triangular-shaped extensions 9 at one edge of the shingle while forming a cutaway comer II at the opposite corner of the shingle.

The edge of the shingle formed by the transverse cut 6 is further provided with a relatively short slit ll extending partly into the triangular tab 9 and terminating in an inclined slit l2 extending inwardly toward the body of the shingle and towardthe adjacent edge thereof, the slit terminating in a guide hole It sufliciently inwardly from the adjacent edge of the shingle to maintain a suitable connected edge for the tab. The hole l6 also serves to retard tearing of the material along the line of the slit.

The shingle thus formed is capable of being laid in either of the styles or methods illustrated in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings, the holes I6 and 28, providing guides in applying the shingles in their diflerent methods.

In Figure 2 a side lap method is illustrated in which the shingles are laid in rows with one straight edge I3 015 one of the shingles overlapping the tab 9 of an adjacent shingle'and underlying the flap ll formed between the inclined cuts 8 and H. In laying-the shingles in this method the corner I5 serves as one guide for determining the extent of the lap while the guide hole l6 at the end of the slit l2 constitutes a stop for the edge I3, thus forming another guide therefor, the corner II and guide hole ll being spaced inwardly from the edge of the flap M an equal distance to parallel the overlapping edges.

when laying the next succeeding row of shingles as shown at H, the corner I! of the cut-away portion It serves as a guide for the bottom edge I of overlying shingles to determine the overlap, while the corner 8' 0! the tab 9 serves as a guide for the upper edge of the underlying shingle to likewise determine the overlap.

In the hexagonal method of laying the shingles as shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, the lower rowof shingles are secured by copper clips or the like Is, or the shingles may be cemented,

.if desired, and the corners 2| and 2| constitute guides for the head lap for keeping the shingles in line by positioning said corners immediately above the'edge of the adjacent underlying shingles. A- guide hole 22, or notch, is also formed in one edge of the tab 0 to'serve as a guide for the side lap of an overlying shingle, and a guide hole 28 for the same purpose is also formed adjacent another edge of the shingle.

The holes It are also used in a like manner for keeping the shingles true and straight on the roof and by means oi these guide holes the 55 shingles may be laid left to right or right to left, as desired.

In Figure 4 I have illustrated the individual style of laying the shingles in which the lower row of shingles designated at 23 are laid in edgewise abutting relation, and the succeeding rows 24 are laid in a manner to overlie the abutting edges of the under row.

-In Figure 5 I have illustrated the Dutch lap method of laying the shingles and by means of which the lower row of shingles 25 are laid with the adjacent shingles in overlying relation with respect to the flap l4 and tab 9, and secured to the underlying shingle by copper clips l9, or cemented, the corners l5 and the hole I constituting the guide to determine the side lap while the hole 28 and corner 9' constitute the guides for determining the head lap of the next succeeding row of shingles 26. Nail holes 21 may also be formed in the tab 9 for securing the shingles in position, it being apparent that such nails are covered by the adjacent shingles, and in all methods of laying the shingles the same are blindnailed at positions necessary so that none of the nails are exposed.

It is believed the details of construction and manner of use of the invention will be readily understood from the foregoing without further detailed explanation.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is 1. A composition shingle having right angular side edges, one of said side edges at one corner of the shingle having a substantially triangular shaped tab and one of the edges of the tab being partly separated from the shingle by a slit, said slit being adapted to receive the edge of an adjoining shingle to overlie the .tab, the inner end of the slit constituting a stop to limit the extent of the side lap, the other corner of said one side edge being cut away diagonally and the ends of said cut-away portion constituting guides to also designate the extent of the side lap and the head lap of the adjoining and superposed shingles respectively.

2. A composition shingle having right angular side edges, one corner of the shingle having a tab projecting beyond one of the edges and an adjacent corner being cut away diagonally, the diagonal cut and one of the edges of the tab being in parallelism to provide for the cutting of the shingles in matched pairs from a blank, said parallel cut of the tab merging with one of the side edges at an inclined angle and a slit extending inwardly of the shingle adjacent said point of merger of the inclined edge of the tab, said slit being inclined in a direction toward an adjacent edge of the shingle and terminating in the body of the shingle short of said last named edge and cooperating at its inner terminus with one end of the diagonally cut corner to indicate the extent of side lap with an adjoining shingle.

3. A composition shingle having right angular side edges, one corner of the shingle having a tab projecting beyond one of the edges and an adjacent corner being cut away diagonally, the diagonal cut and one of the edges of the tab being in parallelism to provide for the cutting of the shingles in matched pairs from a blank, said parallel cut of the tab merging with one of the side edges at an inclined angle and a slit extending inwardly of the shingle adjacent said point of merger of the inclined edge of the tab, said slit being inclined in a direction toward an adjacent edge of the shingle and terminating in the body of the shingle short of said last named edge, said inner terminus of the slit and one end of said diagonally cut corner being equidistant from the plane of said first named side edge.

' FLOYD WORSHAM. 

